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Private Land Drainage Areas Frequently Asked Questions
The information and documents contained on this page include both current and past entries. In accordance with ADA Title II requirements mandating WCAG 2.1 AA compliance for state and local government digital content by April 24, 2026, materials dated prior to this deadline may not meet current accessibility standards. If you require an accessible version of any material, please contact us at SJEnvironment@sanjoseca.gov.
What is PLDA?
Private Land Drainage Areas (PLDA) are private parcels that drain to storm drain inlets that the City does not own own or operate, but are plumbed to the Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) and are not already addressed by a public, full trash capture system/device (San José Municipal Code 15.14.377).
Environment - PLDA
- To report a spill, leak, release or discharge to the storm drain or street gutter, please fill out the online complaint form or call (408) 945-3000.
- Please refer to the BeautifySJ Illegal Dumping page for more information about reporting this.
- Learn about how San José residents can schedule a free junk pickup at www.sjenvironment.org/JunkPickup.
- An alternative to installing and maintaining a certified full trash capture (FTC) device is implementing other trash control Best Management Practices (BMPs) to maintain a consistently low trash generation level. City Inspectors will provide information to property owners and managers on implementation of BMPs. PLDAs that are not able to achieve consistently low trash levels will be required to install FTC devices in their storm drain inlet(s).
- Increase frequency of existing landscape or porter service
- Increase waste hauling frequencies to avoid overflowing dumpsters
- Engage your community to organize monthly volunteer litter cleanups that take place on your private property
- Design and install signage to encourage anti-litter behavior
- Increase service frequency or size of existing outdoor trash and recycling receptacles
- Install more outdoor trash and recycling receptacles on the property
- Close the Lid on Litter – Dumpster Best Management Practice
- Landscape Maintenance Best Management Practice
- Surface Cleaning Best Management Practice
- To ask about a “No Dumping, Flows to Bay” stencil for your storm drain inlet, contact (408) 945-3000.
Only private properties that are connected to the City’s storm sewer system are subject to the new requirements. Property owners of PLDA properties were mailed a letter by the Environmental Services Department to inform them of the new requirements.
Reference the regulations in the Municipal Regional Stormwater Permit, Provision C.10.a.ii (b).
- Before requiring the property to install a full trash capture device(s), the inspector will work with the property owner to confirm that the property is connected to the storm sewer system and if any other permitting is needed to facilitate installation.
- A certified Full Trash Capture (FTC) device is a stormwater treatment device that intercepts trash and other debris. FTC devices must be sized and maintained according to manufacturer specifications. All devices must be certified by the State Water Resources Control Board (State Water Board).
Visit the State Water Board's Storm Water Program - Trash Implementation Program for Water Board-approved full trash capture devices. Access the list of Certified Trash Full Capture Systems Available to the Public. - The On-land Visual Trash Assessment is a standardized methodology used throughout the Bay Area designed to provide qualitative estimates of the amount of trash that accumulates on private properties that may flow into a storm drain and into the City’s storm sewer system.
Trash DOES include (but is not limited to):
- Food wrappers and accessories (containers, utensils, condiment packets, etc.)
- Beverage containers and accessories (i.e., straws, lids, cups, caps, tabs, stir sticks, etc.)
- Bags and packaging (restaurant to-go bags, foam, plastic shells, etc.)
- Paper (mail, napkins, receipts, etc.)
- Cigarettes/vape waste
- Pieces of plastic, metal, cloth
Trash does NOT include*:
- Organic material such as vegetation, yard clippings, food wastes (apple cores, banana peels, etc.) or pet wastes
- Sediments, sand, oil or grease
- Items too large to fit in a storm drain, such as mattresses, tires, bags of trash
Please be aware that any of these items are prohibited from being discharged to the storm sewer system by San José Municipal Code 15.14.515. Discharging these items into a storm drain may result in enforcements and fines up to $750.
- A certified FTC device cost varies due to devices having different sizes depending on the measurements of the storm drain inlet onsite. Visit the State Water Board’s Storm Water Program – Trash Implementation Program for Water Board-approved full trash capture devices. Navigate to the program page “Certified Trash Full Capture Systems Available to the Public” to find Water Board approved manufacturers for quotes on device costs.
Environment – Water & Sewer Utilities – Drinking Water – Backflow Prevention and Cross-Connection Control
- Backflow may occur when downstream pressure becomes greater than the upstream (supply) pressure in a public or consumer’s potable water system. Backpressure may result from an increase in downstream pressure, a reduction in public water supply pressure, or a combination of both.
- Backflow caused by negative pressure (i.e. a vacuum or partial vacuum) in a public water system or consumer potable water system. Back-siphonage may occur when there is a stoppage of water supply due to a nearby water main break, excessive fire hydrant usage or other high water demand event.
Backflow prevention assemblies protect our water supply from possible contamination by residential and commercial sources. Properly installed and maintained assemblies, devices, or methods protect against many conditions found in an onsite plumbing system. Muni Water recommends installing hose bib vacuum breakers on all hose bibs shown below in Figure 1. You can purchase vacuum breakers at most plumbing and hardware stores.
Figure 1. Vacuum Breaker home installation- A cross-connection is an interconnection between drinking water from a public water system and a non-drinking water source (like a private groundwater well) through any actual or potential connection.
- Cross-connections may allow non-potable water to flow backward into the drinking water system, a process known as backflow. This may occur due to changes in water pressure and could allow contaminants to enter your home’s plumbing or the public water supply. Preventing backflow is essential to protecting public health and maintaining water quality.
- In December 2023, the State Water Resources Control Board adopted updated regulations through the Cross-Connection Control Policy Handbook (CCCPH), which took effect on July 1, 2024. These updates require public water systems to enhance public education, conduct onsite hazard assessments, and ensure proper backflow protection is in place to protect the water distribution system.
Our Cross-Connection Control Program has been updated to comply with the CCCPH. Our program includes:
- Conducting and reviewing cross-connection assessments/surveys for all customers.
- If it is determined that an onsite assessment is required, then the process will be determined on a case-by-case basis and the process will be communicated to the Muni Water account holder or property owner.
- Verifying that required backflow prevention assemblies are properly installed, functioning correctly, and tested annually by certified Backflow Testers.
Providing public outreach and education on cross connection control and backflow prevention.
- Yes. Fill out Muni Water’s Cross-Connection Assessment Survey to determine whether your plumbing or activities may pose a contamination risk to the public water system. If applicable, property owners are responsible for ensuring backflow prevention assemblies are properly installed, maintained and tested annually. The required testing must be performed by certified backflow prevention assembly tester. We will notify you if any action is required on your part.
A cross-connection is any actual or potential link between your drinking water and a source of contamination, such as another water source on your property.
These are common in both residential and commercial settings. You may have a cross connection if your property includes any of the following:
- Hose bibbs without backflow protection (e.g., vacuum breakers)
- Toilet flush valves that are not properly air-gapped
- Boilers or water heaters with makeup water connections
- Landscape irrigation systems
- Fire sprinkler systems
- Private wells or alternate water supplies. This includes rainwater collection or water storage.
To protect your water quality and comply with local regulations, we recommend reviewing your plumbing system or consulting with a certified cross-connection specialist.
- Under most conditions, a lead-free reduced-pressure assembly is required. In some cases, a double-check assembly or airgap may be allowed based on service type or zone pressure conditions. The list of approved backflow prevention assemblies can be found on the USC Foundation for Cross-Contamination and Hydraulic Research page. Please contact our Backflow Prevention Team for guidance on selecting an appropriate device for your property at BackFlow@sanjoseca.gov or call (408) 277-3671.
- We understand that coordinating the installation of a new device can be challenging. Requests for extensions will be evaluated on a case-by-case basis.
View our registered list of backflow preventor testing companies here.
- Muni Water does not test customers’ backflow assemblies. Backflow testing and maintenance of backflow assemblies is the responsibility of the Muni Water account holder or property owner, who must hire a third-party Backflow Tester that is currently certified by the American Water Works Association. If it is determined that an onsite hazard assessment is required, then the process will be determined on a case-by-case basis and the process will be communicated to the Muni Water account holder or property owner.
Visit the Backflow Prevention and Cross-Connection Control page or contact our Backflow Prevention Team at BackFlow@sanjoseca.gov or call (408) 277-3671 for more details, including:
- Educational materials and information regarding cross connection and backflow testing
- Cross Connection Survey for customers
- Registered List of Backflow Preventer Testing Companies
- Requirement for Testing and Maintenance of Backflow Prevention Assemblies
- Guidance on compliance with the CCCPH
SJFD - Inspection Compliance Service
Common reasons for a rejected inspection report include:
- Incomplete or incorrect information
- Open deficiencies that have not yet been resolved
- No evidence that the current system has been permitted
Review the reason for rejection, correct the issue, and resubmit the inspection report.
I completed the repair work, but the property still receives a past-due deficiency notice. What should I do?
A system may continue to show as deficient until the required repair documentation has been uploaded and reviewed for compliance.
Industry standard forms are required when submitting documentation to clear a deficiency.
If the repair has been completed but the deficiency notice continues, make sure the required documentation and standardized repair form have been submitted through The Compliance Engine.Contractors can check for open deficiencies by following these steps:
- Log in to The Compliance Engine.
- Select “Deficiency Tracking.”
- Enter San José Fire Department as the Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ).
- Enter the property address or business name to search for open deficiencies at properties where you are contracted to perform work.
If you cannot find a deficiency you are aware of, contact The Compliance Engine support team at 630-413-9511 or Support@mybrycer.com.
Open deficiencies from a prior inspection may affect whether a new inspection report can be accepted as compliant. Prior deficiencies should be corrected and properly documented before submitting a new inspection report, or the required documentation may be submitted with the current inspection report when applicable.
A system cannot be removed from The Compliance Engine simply by updating its record. Requests to remove or abandon a fire protection system require review and may require permits to ensure all records are properly updated.
For detailed information about system submittals, permits, and inspections, visit our Development Services webpage.
For software-related issues, including login problems, account access, profile updates, or changes to contact information, contact the Brycer support team at 630-413-9511 or Support@mybrycer.com.
Examples include inspection reports submitted for the wrong property, premise, system, or premise name. These errors should be reported to Brycer as soon as possible so the records can be corrected and to help prevent duplicate past-due deficiency notices or inaccurate compliance statuses.
For assistance, contact the Brycer support team at 630-413-9511 or Support@mybrycer.com.
SJFD - Text to 9-1-1
Text to 9-1-1 is the ability to send a text message to 9-1-1 from your mobile phone or handheld device.
Text to 9-1-1 is not available everywhere and is not always available when roaming. Text to 9-1-1 is currently available in:
- San José
- Unincorporated areas of Santa Clara County
- Campbell
- Cupertino
- Gilroy
- Los Altos
- Los Altos Hills
- Los Gatos
- Milpitas
- Monte Sereno
- Mountain View
- Palo Alto
- Santa Clara
- Saratoga
- Sunnyvale
You must subscribe to your wireless carrier’s text or data plan in order to send or receive text messages. If Text to 9-1-1 is not available in your area or is temporarily unavailable, you should receive a message indicating that Text to 9-1-1 is not available and to contact 9-1-1 by other means.
Dialing 9-1-1 in an emergency is still the preferred way to request help. The public is reminded to “Call if you can. Text if you can’t.” Text to 9-1-1 is intended primarily for three emergency scenarios:
- For someone who is deaf, hard-of-hearing, or has a speech disability.
- For someone who is in a situation where it is not safe to place a voice call to 9-1-1.
- A medical emergency that renders the person incapable of speech.
ONLY text 9-1-1 in an emergency. Prank-texters can be identified and possibly prosecuted according to local laws and regulations.
- As with all text messages, Text to 9-1-1 may take longer to receive and respond to than a voice call, does not provide the location of the texter, and could be received out of order or may not be received at all.
- Text GPS location information is not equal to current wireless location technology.
- Voice calls are real-time communication and Text to 9-1-1 is not.
- Pictures or videos cannot be received by 9-1-1 at this time.
- If you include anyone else on your Text to 9-1-1, it may not be received by 9-1-1.
At this time, translation services for Text to 9-1-1 are not available. Please text in English only. For additional information, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security offers a Text to 9-1-1 Translation Fact Sheet.
- Enter the numbers “911” in the “To” or “Recipient” field.
- The first text message to 9-1-1 should be short. Include your address, city, and type of emergency (police, fire or medical).
- Push the “Send” button.
- Be prepared to answer questions and follow instructions from the 9-1-1 call taker.
- Text in simple words. Do not use abbreviations or slang.
- Keep text messages brief and concise.
A 9-1-1 call center should respond to the text. If Text to 9-1-1 is not available, you should receive a message from the wireless carrier stating that Text to 9-1-1 is not available and that you must place a voice or relay call to 9-1-1.
Standard text-messaging rates apply.
Text to 9-1-1 is currently only available in English.
